Cocculus Laurifolius: a Rich Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Phtyochemicals Source

The study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial, antioxidant potential and the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of the bark and leaf of Cocculus laurifolius DC. by using polar and non-polar solvents, i.e. Petroleum ether, Chloroform, Methanol and distilled water. Chloroform bark extracts showed maximum % yield. Antimicrobial activity was determined by using 4 bacterial strains (2 gram-negative and 2 grampositive) and 2 fungal strains. Leaf and bark extracts of C. laurifolius showed significant to average results against bacterial and fungal strain. Bark extracts of chloroform and methanol revealed a maximum zone of inhibition against S. aureus in agar-well diffusion method with values of 37±3.1mm and 37±2.2mm respectively and bark extract of methanol exhibited MIC value with 0.06±0.01 (at 0.9 mg/L) against E. coli. In antifungal activity, all extracts showed average results against fungal strains. Maximum result exhibited by bark extract of methanol with values 29±1.4 and 0.70±0.01 (at 1 mg/L) against F. solani in zone of inhibition and MIC analysis. Significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity of chloroform extracts of bark i.e. 92.45±0.1 while extract of chloroform bark display IC50: 28.27±1.03 μg/mL. Antioxidant activity of plant further confirmed by conducting three more activities i.e. Total phenolic contents (TPC), Metal chelating (MC) and Total antioxidant activity (TAA). Chloroform extracts of bark showed a maximum value of TPC, i.e. 293±1.3 GAE mg/mL while bark extract of methanol exhibited maximum MC value, i.e. 262±0.01mg/mL and leaf extracts of methanol showed highest TAA value, i.e. leaf 1.1753± 0.3. Cocculus laurifolius contain many phytochemical constituents, i.e. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and phenolic compounds Bark contain high amount of alkaloids and flavonoids, i.e., 17.13±0.78 and 16.73±0.56 respectively as compared to leaf but phenolic contents and saponins were present in leaf in significant amount.